What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
In this TED talk, the speaker commented on beauty standards leading to diëting,self-objectification, diet culture, and also fatphobia.
a. Self-objectification occurs when individuals treat themselves as objects to be viewed and evaluated based upon appearance. Self-objectifying behaviors can include but are not limited to Excessive mirror looking, frequent selfies, critiquing one’s appearance in the reflection and photographs, and comparing oneself to images in the media and other women. Given the negative effects associated with self-objectification—such as body shame, appearance anxiety, depression, and disordered eating—an empirically based approach to researching and counteracting self-objectification is critical.
b.Diet culture refers to a rigid set of expectations about valuing thinness and attractiveness over physical health and emotional well-being. Diet culture often emphasizes “good” versus “bad” foods, focuses on calorie restriction, and normalizes self-deprecating talk. Diet culture is toxic, and it can be a risk factor for body dysmorphia, disordered eating, and other mental health issues.
c.Fatphobia is a fear of fatness. It refers to discrimination, bias, and negative stereotypes aimed at fat people and their bodies. Also called weight stigma, the term fatphobia also refers to the many beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes surrounding the anti-fatness culture facing people of higher weight. Fatphobia can be overtly mean (such as public fat-shaming tweets or anti-fat statements from comedians and public figures) or much more subtle (friends and family offering unsolicited weight-loss advice).
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
She introduces the “Body Positivity”. it refers to the assertion that all people deserve to have a positive body image, regardless of how society and popular culture view ideal shape, size, and appearance. Some of the goals of the body positivity movement include:
• Challenging how society views the body
• Promoting the acceptance of all bodies
• Helping people build confidence and acceptance of their own bodies
• Addressing unrealistic body standards
Body positivity is not just about challenging how society views people based upon their physical size and shape, however. It also recognizes that judgments are often made based on race, gender, sexuality, and disability. Body positivity also aims to help people understand how popular media messages contribute to the relationship that people have with their bodies, including how they feel about food, exercise, clothing, health, identity, and self-care. By better understanding the effect that such influences have, the hope is that people can develop a healthier and more realistic relationship with their bodies.
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. the speaker is Meintje Beijen. Meintje Beijen is an 18-year-old student in her final year at the Stedelijk Gymnasium Haarlem, the Netherlands. Outside of school, she enjoys acting, making music, and working at a coffee corner in Haarlem
b. The source of this video is from the Tedx Talks youtube channel.
c. In my opinion, the video is quite trustworthy.
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
She strongly disagrees with the beauty standards set by society. She stated that there is no definite beauty standard to judge someone’s beauty and she tries to correct people’s misconceptions about the definition of beauty that has been believed by society. Besides, she stated that we have no right to judge others based on their physical appearance
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
In my opinion, she conveyed valid arguments, because it based on her personal experience other than that, the facts that are happening in our society nowadays are exactly what she said. She supports the arguments she conveys with the information that she gets from the internet, magazines, mass media, and also social media.
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles Title: “I’m actually pretty happy with how I am”: a mixed-methods study of young women with positive body image.
Poulter, P. I., & Treharne, G. J. (2020). “I’m actually pretty happy with how I am”: a mixed-methods study of young women with positive body image. Psychology & Health, 1-20.
https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2020.1820008
From this article, I got a lot of perspectives from female undergraduate students with positive body image. The young women described a positive shift in body image that occurred between adolescence and early adulthood. They were critical of messages about the female body within media and made conscious decisions about the media they engage with. They expressed a functional conceptualization of their bodies and had strategies for responding to negative thoughts and feelings. Religious and cultural identity played a specific role in body positivity for some participants.
What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
The speaker said that the beauty standards of the 1990s when she was a teenager were in contrast to today’s beauty standards in 2021.
a. Heroin Chic (c. 1990s)
The ideal body type of this time period featured:
• Waifish
• Extremely Thin
• Translucent Skin
• Androgynous
The celebrated body of this time period was a woman who looked thin, frail, and neglected. Model Kate Moss was the heroine of this heroin decade–pale, withdrawn, and thin.
b. Postmodern Beauty (c. the 2000s – Today)
Our current beauty standards for women include:
• Flat Stomach
• ‘Healthy’ Skinny
• Large Breasts + Butt
• Thigh Gap
Kim Kardashian, as unfortunate as it may be, is the poster woman of ideal beauty standards for the modern woman. Women are expected to be skinny, but not too skinny, with large breasts and a big butt, all while maintaining a flat stomach. Women increasingly are seeking plastic surgery ‘fixes’ to achieve this look.
Beauty standards have powerful today so that everyone is willing to do anything including changing their appearance and body shape just to meet the beauty standards they make.
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
Stop following the beauty standards that change all the time and don’t be insecure. We must love our bodies and be grateful for what we have. Beauty is a perspective, everyone has a different standard of beauty.
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. The speaker is Karolina Żebrowska. She is from Kraków, Poland. She graduated with a BA in Film and New Media Studies from Jagiellonian University in Kraków and an MA in Film at Screen Academy Scotland in Edinburgh. She is a writer, filmmaker, and YouTuber with a focus on historical fashion and costume. In addition to general fashion history videos, she also reviews period dramas (and to a lesser extent, fantasy), debunks popular misconceptions of historical fashion, and creates historical sketches and parodies of memes, trends, YouTubers, and other popular culture.
b. The source of the video I got from Karolina Zebrowska youtube channel
c. In my opinion, this video, both from the speaker’s and the source of the video, is quite trustworthy
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
She strongly disagrees with society’s standards of beauty. In her opinion, this is bullshit and stupidity, where nowadays beauty standards are toxic and dangerous, indirectly demanding people to look beautiful by changing their body shape and appearance by doing plastic surgery in order to be accepted in society.
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
I think she gave a valid argument, in the video, we can see some pictures that describe how beauty standards have changed from time to time, besides that she also tells her teenage experiences to support her statement
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles Title: Picture-perfect lives on social media: a cross-national study on the role of media ideals in adolescent well-being
de Lenne, O., Vandenbosch, L., Eggermont, S., Karsay, K., & Trekels, J. (2020). Picture-perfect lives on social media: a cross-national study on the role of media ideals in adolescent well-being. Media Psychology, 23(1), 52-78.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2018.1554494
A number of studies have suggested that social media use may be negatively related to adolescents’ well-being. One explanation for this relationship may lie in the internalization of various types of ideals displayed on social media; however, research supporting this reasoning is largely absent. This survey study among 1,983 Austrian, Belgian, Spanish, and South Korean adolescents (aged 12–19, 49.7% girls) addressed this gap and found that Instagram use was positively related to the internalization of professional, social, sexual, and romantic ideals, and Facebook use was positively related to the internalization of social and romantic ideals. In turn, the internalization of sexual ideals was related to poor mental well-being. Furthermore, Facebook use was also directly associated with poor mental well-being. Cross-national differences played an important role in that South Korea significantly differed from Austria, Belgium, and Spain in the relations between social media use, the internalization of social ideals, and poor mental well-being. We also found differences among Belgium, Austria, and Spain in the relations between social media use, the internalization of professional, social, and sexual ideals, and poor mental well-being.
What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
Previously the speaker had never thought about what she looked like until one day someone commented on her appearance, growing up in South Korea has become a common thing for someone to be commented on about her physique. She was commented on her hair, skin color, her face, which began to grow pimples when she was a teenager, which made her feel inferior to her physique. In South Korea, a person’s appearance is very important, because other people will judge you based on your appearance, the appearance will also affect your life, environmental response to you, job, social life, relationships, other opportunities in life. She uses different types of skincare products, various brands of makeup, skin health supplements, anti-aging products to be beautiful like the beauty standards that people set.
Until finally he realized that what she did was wrong and a waste. Many people are willing to do anything such as plastic surgery, injection, implants, botox, etc to be recognized as beautiful.
Overall, Korean beauty standards push for an overall innocent look: small face, big eyes, slim body, to recreate that youthful look. Compared to the Western beauty standards, Koreans, in general, tend to pursue cuter and feminine looks, at least when it comes to faces. Koreans prefer slim, young, and youthful faces with small facial features and pale skin. Unlike the West, curvy shapes like Kim Kardashian or Rihanna are just too much in Korean beauty standards. In this context, being girly, cute, thin, and even skinny is a beauty goal for Korean women, rather than fit and healthy.
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
Beauty standard is different according to each person, it also depends on the geographical area and historical context. There will be no end if we continue to follow the existing beauty standards. We must be grateful for what we have. no need to care about what other people think of us because they will always look for our shortcomings. We can do whatever we want with our body, ourselves, that makes us feel healthy, happy, comfort.
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. the speaker is a woman named Sophie. She started her YouTube channel in June 2020. She lived in Hawaii.
b. the source from The Malama Life YouTube channel presents the slow living concept. . This channel gives us an idea of how the art of appreciating whatever is around us, being calm and simplifying complexities
c. In my opinion, this video is quite trustworthy
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
She regretted her actions of spending money to meet the beauty standards set by society. And she disagrees with this subject. She thinks this beauty standard is unrealistic, which makes people do anything just to meet the ideal beauty standard. In fact, there is no appropriate beauty standard to judge someone’s physical appearance. there will be no end if we continue to follow the existing beauty standards. no need to care about what other people think of us.
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
I think she put strong arguments, she told her life experience and related it to the facts that happened in South Korea, the phenomenon of the sophistication of technology, photo editing applications appear, face filters, camera effects that can change a person’s appearance differs from the original. This rise mental health issues implications with the use of social media in teenagers, especially girls
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles title: Feminism against Beauty Standards in South Korea: Force Creates Resistance
Hamdon, S. W., & Bintang Timur, F. (2021). Feminism against Beauty Standards in South Korea: Force Creates Resistance. Journal of Techno-Social, 12(2), 69-74.
This article explores the resistance that women in South Korea made in regards to the unrealistic beauty standards that are projected for Korean women in order for them to get a place in social involvement. Women in South Korea are marginalized, and although the population of women in South Korea is 49.93% in 2019 which is a balanced number for both females and males, their voices remain as a minority within the social involvement. In regard, they are often isolated from important social and professional networks and subjected to the negative stereotyping of becoming a feminist. Women in Korea are ought to have the attributes of beauty standards or else, society would judge them and this is a sign that women are trapped with this kind of projection thus it becomes a barrier for them to grow themselves.
What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
Social media was created with the best intentions; it is true. However, over the years, it has evolved into a tricky game of lies and deception. Unrealistic beauty standards have made social media a toxic environment. What we never really realized was that we were wearing masks long before the pandemic even started. Filters, photo manipulation, and makeup have made it easy for people to set unrealistic beauty standards for all of us. The link between social media and unrealistic beauty standards is deep. We begin to compare ourselves to the models we see online. This is when we give in to those unrealistic beauty standards—the ones with seemingly perfect figures, no acne, and candid poses. However, what we don’t often stop and think about is the reality behind these pictures. This filtering of what society calls “beautiful” and whatnot, is the main cause of these unrealistic beauty standards.
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
We should learn to appreciate our body for giving us life to value our lives, for having opportunities to make a difference, we should learn to love ourselves for who we are not just what should we look like. Beauty standards shouldn’t impact the way we feel about ourselves or how we live our life. Character, morals, and values there are so many other things to think about than just physical appearance.
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. the speaker is a woman named Emily Newhall. She is an editor, proofreader, and writer at the University of Minnesota.
b. I got this video from TedxTalks youtube channel
c. I think this video is quite trustworthy
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
She totally disagrees with this subject. What we look like is our identity but who we are is so much bigger, there is no one definition of beauty, it can come from the inside or outside, big or small, but the only one that can define that is ourselves. Beauty standards are simply a construct enforced by society to put us down but they have no real power if we didn’t give enough to them.
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
Yes, she gives strong arguments in her speech. How we view our body is constantly changing and it’s different for every person. we are currently living in the age of social media where many public figure models are used as icons of the ideal body shape. Nowadays, beautiful girls are synonymous with slim bodies, white skin, pretty faces, etc. This beauty standard has a negative impact on us, Insecure influences how we see ourselves. Many young people feel insecure because they do not meet the beauty standards made by society.
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles Titles: Selfies—Living in the Era of Filtered Photographs
Rajanala, S., Maymone, M. B., & Vashi, N. A. (2018). Selfies—living in the era of filtered photographs. JAMA facial plastic surgery, 20(6), 443-444.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamafacial.2018.0486
social media allows people to hide behind digitally manipulated pictures and filters that alter a person’s appearance into something society may call conventionally beautiful. It doesn’t let us embrace our differences. It doesn’t let us come to terms with our own beauty. Instead, these unrealistic beauty standards and social media together create a perception that no matter what one does, they would never look as skinny, as pretty, or as well dressed as the models they see on these social networking platforms. We fail to see what goes on behind these photos and why we could never look the same.
What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
She told us about her experience when she was a model. And she told the real story behind model stunning photos. Behind the picture of a model that looks perfect is not a picture of a real model, however, it is all a construction in the name of professionalism, makeup artist, hairstyles, photographer, fashion stylist and etc. People respect her for how she looks as a model, not for her as herself. Actually, supermodels cover a lot of things that they keep to themselves and they don’t tell the public if they are insecure because they always think what and how they look like every day.
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
To change society’s perception of the model that has been considered a perfect human being. Many people think that being a model is fun, having a lot of money, and also high-class relationships. In fact, this is not always true. Persuading society to be more comfortable and more confident, changes how we perceive success and our values.
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. the speaker is She is Cameron Russell an American fashion model and activist. Russell began modeling as a part-time profession in 2003. Russell was initially signed up by the Ford Models, but she later switched to DNA Model Management in 2006, and eventually the Elite Model Management in 2011. Since her debut as a model, she has walked at fashion shows for designers and fashion houses including Chanel, Versace, Prada, Vivienne Westwood, Victoria’s Secret, Diane von Fürstenberg, and Louis Vuitton among others. Russell has appeared in photoshoots for American and European fashion magazines like Vogue, Numéro, and W. She is an active endorser and is associated with brands including Calvin Klein, Armani, Louis Vuitton, and Benetton.
b. I got it from the TED youtube channel.
c. I think this video is really trustworthy
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
She disagrees with the notion that being a model is fun and is the key to happiness. Cameron actually suggested that women do not have to be a model. She illustrates that modeling is not a good career path. This is because of the stigma depicting that beautiful women are always young, thin, and white. She urges young women to aspire to be anything other than models because success in modeling is limited to “luck”.
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
She revealed that fashion is capitalism and will always follow the demands of the market so as a model like it or not you have to obey it too. For her, being a model is a burden. She is required to be able to do anything for the needs of photos and modeling, even though she doesn’t feel comfortable. In addition, as a model, she is also always demanded and pressured to always look good, beautiful, white, ideal, and perfect.
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles Title: Body image diversity in the media: A content analysis of women’s fashion magazines
de Freitas, C., Jordan, H., & Hughes, E. K. (2018). Body image diversity in the media: A content analysis of women’s fashion magazines. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 29(3), 251-256.
https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.21
The narrow representation of body image in the media has been linked to body dissatisfaction, particularly among readers of women’s fashion magazines. Some countries have made efforts to improve body image diversity in the media and the fashion industry. This has included attempts to regulate the minimum body size of models (eg, Israel, France), and the development of codes of practices such as the Australian Industry Code of Conduct on Body Image. However, there is little evidence of whether these efforts have impacted media content. This study aimed to gauge the state of body image diversity in the print media 5 years after the introduction of the Australian Code of Conduct via a content analysis of 13 Australian women’s fashion magazines published in 2015. Results revealed low levels of diversity in body size, ethnicity, and age among models depicted in fashion magazine images. Models were predominantly young, white, and underweight.
What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
The speaker says that when she does photograph she always uses photoshop to remove distractions and remove everything women hate about themselves. Most women, even 98% are always having a conversation about their appearance and what they don’t like about themselves. Because women always compare themselves to women in magazines who we know are not real. Women sense of self-worth is closely related to her sense of beauty. What we actually see is how we feel about how we look. And we stay focused on our appearance because we think if we look different then we feel better about ourselves.
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
How we feel about ourselves feeds into how it takes care of ourselves and how we take care of ourselves feats how we feel about ourselves. We should look ourselves in the eyes, Practice some gratitude, and create our own images.
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. The speaker is Christina Gressianu is an internationally award-winning portrait photographer based in Loveland, Colorado.
b. the source I got from Tedx Talks youtube channel.
c. I think this video is trustworthy
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
She disagrees with this subject. We compare ourselves to people we know are not even real though we know that beauty comes from within, why after knowing this but this makes no difference. That’s because we know that beauty is a privileged power that makes us want to be beautiful.
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
Yes, I think she puts valid arguments. She supports it with some evidence that happens in our society and based on her own experience. for example, we measure the wrong things, we measure beauty by scale, pants size, bra size, these are the wrong metrics. We can’t really define beauty. Beauty standards are confusing, while we know that beauty comes from within it seems to appear on the outside so we can work on the outside. We are also confused because we know that beauty is power but if you work too hard to be beautiful, you will be vain.
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles Title: TikTok’s Non-Inclusive Beauty Algorithm and Why We should care?
Melonie, Priya, “TikTok’s Non-Inclusive Beauty Algorithm & Why We Should Care” (2020). IPHS 200: Programming Humanity. Paper 22.
https://digital.kenyon.edu/dh_iphs_prog/22
This project will be a meta-analysis of how the popular social media app known as TikTok takes into account image recognition in its machine learning algorithms through the data it analyzes from its users. It will also see how it identifies and pushes the most beautiful to fame and virality. The researcher will analyze how it perpetuates toxic western and eastern beauty standards that are only based on far too simple analyses of what is considered beautiful. they will also use a separate study through a scientific study, which analyzes men’s and women’s stimulus in response to beauty. they will lastly use an article, which explores the Chinese app called Alipay, and how it uses beauty filters that perpetuate patriarchal ideals over women. This dataset, study, and article will uncover how human nature and sociology can contribute to how algorithms are truly being fed our want to see idealistic beauty. They will also prove how the belief that the algorithm is inherently bad is false, but that human society around the world needs new establishments of what true beauty is instead. Overall, the goal of this project is to understand these examples of beauty algorithms, how they work, the reason they are used in human society, and how we can improve or discourage their use in our social media apps.
What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
The speaker tells about many things about factors that makes a guy attractive, k-pop culture, the ideal Korean male, Bollywood culture, western media, social norms and masculinity, reality check, unrealistic expectations, mental health, and body image, and what we have to do with this issue.
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
To encourage men to dare to speak up about this issue, talking about these things can really help and doesn’t make you any less manly. We need to remove this stigma because it will lead to mental health and body image problems. We have to be more aware of this issue, ignoring this problem will cause many men to be confused and afraid to speak up about their feelings so they suppress their emotions which can generally lead to depression
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. The speaker is Ibrahim Kamit is a famous YouTube Star, who was born on January 16, 1999, in Brunei. Bruneian social media personality who is famous for his eponymous YouTube channel. He has earned massive popularity there for his original short films, comedic sketches, and personal vlogging entries. He was originally born in Brunei and raised between Australia and Vietnam.
b. The source, I got was from Ibrahim kamit’s youtube channel.
c. I think this video is quite trustworthy
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
He disagrees with this issue. Beauty is subjective, there are so many factors that come into play when it comes to what defines beauty such as culture, time of living, location, and country, and other major factor. The problem with trying to achieve this ideal male beauty standard is that it can become too obsessive and unhealthy which can lead to pushing unhealthy extremes, punishing gym routines, unhealthy eating habits like restrictive diets, hunger, skipping meals, overeating, and abuse of drugs such as laxatives and steroids, and quite often it can lead to body image and mental health problems such as low self-esteem, anxiety disorders, depression, body dysmorphia, and more commonly recent muscle dysmorphia. Knowing your self-worth is much easier said than done. It’s important to remember that you don’t need to look for validation elsewhere whether it’s dating a girl or being in a relationship or getting compliments on how you look to just being yourself is more than enough. There are so many different body types that don’t live up to media standards, there are all sorts of realistic body sizes, all shapes, skin tones, there’s nothing wrong with having a face and body with scars and acne. Not everyone has a chiseled body, harp jaws, or perfect beautiful hair. There are so many beautiful nose and face shapes. It is imperative that we men need to speak up and demand a broader and realistic representation of male beauty and that we get the same body-positive support that women do at the end of the day
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
Yes, he put strong arguments in his speech. The problem is that many of these young men and boys have an aesthetic aspiration to look like what they see in the media from their role models. But not everyone especially boys are aware of the dark reality behind what they see behind the scenes. Extreme diets and training are often very common to achieve this body, there are extreme weight loss programs, strict diets, which contain no alcohol, no carbohydrates, and quite often starvation. There are lots of tough and intense workout routines to do, lots of time and commitment in the gym that doesn’t leave much room for social life. There is much more that people especially younger boys need to know to understand the reality and the pressures and strict routines one has to go through to achieve the male body they see in the media.
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles Title: The importance of motivational orientation towards the muscular ideal versus the stigmatized burdensome body in male body dissatisfaction
Dondzilo, L., Rodgers, R. F., Turnbull, G., & Bell, J. (2019). The importance of motivational orientation towards the muscular ideal versus the stigmatized burdensome body in male body dissatisfaction. Body image, 31, 81-87.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.08.010
Internalization of the muscular ideal is a vulnerability factor for body dissatisfaction in males. It is unclear, however, whether body dissatisfaction results from an approach towards the muscular ideal versus fear of the stigmatized burdensome body. The current study sought to address this gap by assessing both approach and avoidance motivation regarding muscular and non-muscular bodies, respectively, and evaluating the unique associations between approach-avoidance tendencies and body dissatisfaction. Eighty-three male undergraduate students completed an implicit measure of approach-avoidance tendencies, the Stimulus-Response Compatibility task, and a self-report measure of trait body dissatisfaction. Results revealed that participants were quicker to approach than to avoid muscular bodies; however, there were no differences in approach vs. avoidance tendencies regarding non-muscular bodies. Furthermore, in a multiple regression model comprising motivational bias scores regarding muscular and non-muscular bodies, only an approach bias towards muscular bodies predicted unique variance in body dissatisfaction. These findings are novel in showing an implicit approach motivation towards the muscular ideal in male undergraduates. Furthermore, in this population, motivational orientation towards the muscular ideal, versus the stigmatized burdensome body, seems to be more tightly associated with body dissatisfaction.
What is being discussed in the video? Explain your answer.
the speaker told us about Beauty standards for men in various countries ranging from Asia such as India, Bangladesh, Papua New Guinea, Japan, South Korea. Africa, such as Sudan, Ethiopia, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria. Europe such as France, Sweden, England, and Australia, and New Zealand
What is the speaker’s main purpose? Explain your answer.
to give new insight for the society that when it comes to beauty standards, for some reason everyone is talking about women only – their weight, facial features, their style, and makeup. However, do not forget that beauty standards apply to men too. Moreover, in each country, they are completely different.
How trustworthy is this video? Who is the speaker? What is the source? Do you think the source and the speaker are trustworthy?
a. The speaker is Matthew Santoro. a Canadian Twitch streamer, former YouTuber, social media influencer, and streamer.
b. The source is the mind warehouse youtube channel.
c. i think this video is quite trustworthy
What the speaker’s attitude or tone towards the subject? Does he/she seem to agree or disagree with it? Explain your answer.
He seems like agree that the standard of beauty for men cannot be equalized because every country has its own standards. He also wanted to reveal that the standard of beauty does not only apply to women but also applies to men.
Does the speaker put forward valid or strong arguments? How does he/she support the key points? Explain your answer.
Yes, I think the speaker gives strong arguments because he supports them with examples and explanations.
a. (India)Indian beauty standards can be seen from Bollywood Stars who describe handsome men with jet black hair, thin beards that are neatly trimmed, slender shaved scalp and charming smile, perfect skin too.
b. (Bangladesh)Local men like to color their beards in a bright orange color to do this they use a special extracted pigment. This trend is not related to beauty trends but related to religious beliefs that they believe make them look younger.
c. (South Sudan and Ethiopia)They apply scars to their bodies to emphasize their social status and some men are required to have scars to earn the rank of a warrior, for local men scars are a sign of loyalty and courage for their culture and charm, each nationality has a different pattern of scars.
d. (Papua New Guinea)The sacrifice is obligatory for all youths whose skin looks like crocodiles in order to defeat their enemies.
e.(Republic of the Congo)Men choose the brightest colors for their clothes but also carefully select their clothing brands only the most luxurious designers are selected.
f. (Kenya and Tanzania)stretch their earlobes, to make holes in the skin of the desired size they insert folded leaf twigs and even wooden disks into them, after which the ear holes are decorated with bright beaded earrings made of animal bones or elephant tusks, there is a symbol of wisdom.
g. (South Korea and Japan)Men should strive for feminine appearance, soft skin, little make-up, slim but fit body, neat hair, and do plastic surgery to enlarge their eyes, and make their noses more expressive.
h. (Ethiopia and Nigeria)A big old belly and a very large body in general, bright colors, and a headdress made of ostrich feathers rolled up and danced for several hours to lure the opposite sex.
i. (New Zealand)Tamako tattoo on the lips or the whole face.
j. (Great Britain)Short blonde hair, neatly shaved beard, well-groomed hair, and has one tattoo
k. (Turkey)Well-groomed hair, well-groomed beard, and a neat shirt
l. (Sweden)Tall, pale skin, blue eyes, blonde hair, razor shape cheekbones
m. (France)Hipster haircut to highlight thick curls, manicured beard, slim athletic body,
n. (Australia) Athletic body, very okay with plastic surgery they often do rhinoplasty, eyelid lift, face correction, and liposuction
Explain how this article will help contribute to your larger group project.
Articles Title: Flower boys and muscled men: comparing South Korean and American male body ideals using cultural domain analysis
Monocello, L. T., & Dressler, W. W. (2020). Flower boys and muscled men: Comparing South Korean and American male body ideals using cultural domain analysis. Anthropology & medicine, 27(2), 176-191.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13648470.2020.1742575
Body image disturbance and eating disorders are rising all over the world. However, little is known about experiences of body image in men across cultural groups, and measurement tools often fail to account for the profound ways in which culture and gender can affect these data. An American cultural model of the ideal male body was compared with that of South Koreans using cultural domain analysis and residual agreement analysis. This study shows that Americans and South Koreans often overlap in their assessments of the desirability of male bodily features; however, they also strongly endorse many differing features, as well as similar features for different cultural reasons. For example, Americans endorse muscularity because it indexes physical prowess and health; South Koreans only sometimes endorse muscularity, mainly as an aesthetic choice